Students should be able to understand and explain the main theories of Essay

Students should be able to understand and explain the main theories of organizational management and leadership and their application - Essay Example Management comprised of the following functions namely planning, organising, directing, staffing, co-ordinating, reporting and budgeting (Thenmozhi, n.d.). The X-Y theory was first conceptualised by Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, in the year of 1960. It refers the statutory and simple rules of managing people. There are two theories X and Y. In X theory, the nature of the persons are lazy. Mostly they dislike work and try to avoid it therefore most of the employees are subject to negative reinforcement and threatened by it. Such persons avoid responsibility and prefer to be directed. The exactly opposite picture can be shown in Theory Y. Here, people accept and seek responsibility. To achieve the organisational objective people usually apply self control and direction. Even, they are also rewarded for their commitment (Business Ball, n.d.). William Ouchi had developed Z theory in 1981. Basically this theory is referred to as ‘Japanese’ management style. This theory advocates the combination of theory Y along with the modern Japanese management. It indicates a large amount of freedom and trust with worker and it has been assumed that workers have a strong interest and loyalty (Business Ball, n.d.). A series of studies had been conducted at the Western Electronic Hawthorn Works from 1927 to 1932. Here, the professor Elton Mayo had experienced the impact of work conditions in the employees’ productivity. He had started this through examining the environmental and physical influence of the work place and then he moved towards the psychological aspects and its impact on the employee motivation. The outcome of the study exhibits that the employee productivity is fuelled by the psychological stimulus. It can be applied in the practical life also. Suppose, a management trainee has joined in an organisation and the management provide him training, separate work code etc. Thus, silently the

A Career Development Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

A Career Development Portfolio - Essay Example A person in charge of this position bears responsibility of the overall satisfaction of the customers and guests. The primary reason for choosing this as a desired occupation is my experience as a hotel manager. I will be dividing my aspirations into short-term, medium term and long term. Since I already have a degree in aviation along with two years experience as a hotel manager, my short term objective will be to enter the hotel industry as a senior manager, with greater job responsibilities. My immediate learning objective will be to learn skills such as, managing subordinates and important occasions in a hotel like, weddings, birthdays and engagement and business seminars. I will also learn time management as well as team handling skills. My medium term plans will stretch to a period of 3-4 years from now. During this time, my objective will be to accumulate capital for my future investment. Another objective will be to establish contacts with potential investors, customers as well as promoters for my future entrepreneurship plan. During this time, I will also learn how to manage a hotel business by interacting with various hotel owners. My long term plans will be for 4 to 5 years from n ow. On a long term basis, I would like to open a hotel-cum-restaurant of my own. I also plan to include another investor in my business. Skills and competence For establishing a career in hotel management as well as choosing it as a future business, various skills and competencies are required. A person who looks after a hotel is responsible for the daily management of its property as well as its staff. The person will take care of financial management and budgeting, organizing and planning, directing all hotel staffs towards specific daily activities and management of beverages and food operations (Watson 2008, 156). Managing a team is one of the necessities of the current working environment. Management skills will include negotiating with different parties, sharing and listening abilities, creativity and innovation and ability to share responsibilities, tasks and motivation skills (Baum 1990, 5). Sharing skills as well as listening to new ideas. Capability for problem solving. Sh aring tasks and responsibilities. Apart from the above, a hotel manager also requires various skills and competencies. Customer service is one of the important skills which hotel managers as well as hotel entrepreneurs should possess. Since they have to deal with guests and customers on a daily basis, it is imperative that a friendly demeanour and good service will retain customer loyalty. Interpersonal skills are another essential requirement in this carrier. It means remaining calm and directing comfortably in various stressful situations. It also means being able to communicate with different types of individuals. Problem solving skills are essential as they require thinking quickly as well as making decisions as and when needed. Hotel managers need good language skills as they are constantly interacting with employees and customers. Language skills are also needed for reading and interpreting documents as well as writing correspondence, business letters and other routine reports . IT skills are also required, so that they are able to use and implement various software programs as per requirement. Strengths and Weaknesses However, my biggest strengths among the above will be problem solving ski